Foster's critical theory of capitalism ecology

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的assignment代写范文- Foster's critical theory of capitalism ecology，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了福斯特资本主义生态批判理论。福斯特资本主义生态批判理论认为，资本主义无限制地追求经济财富的增长，不断进行资本积累的扩张逻辑是产生现今生态危机的根源。资本主义生产的方式和资本主义技术至上的理念，不但没有为解决生态问题提供办法，反而却加速了生态危机的恶化。资本主义制度在本质上是反生态的，在资本主义现存的制度中所提出的任何解决或者缓解生态危机的手段和方式的都是资本主义服务的，其目的仍然是不断进行经济扩张追求利益最大化。生态危机的解决需要依靠社会主义制度，社会主义制度是改善自然环境、建设生态文明的有效制度。

The development of industrial civilization is based on the logic of capital accumulation, and the unrestricted expansion of capital and the non-renewable nature of natural resources and the limited bearing capacity of the environment have produced a fierce conflict. It is the infinite expansion of the logic of capital accumulation that destroys the foundation of human survival and development -- nature, causing severe consequences such as energy shortage, climate warming, species extinction and environmental pollution, and inducing the ecological crisis of capitalism. Faced with the deteriorating ecological environment, John Bellamy foster deeply analyzed the capitalism system and its production mode as the root of the ecological crisis. To conduct the thorough research to the foster ecological criticism theory of capitalism, can help us see the capitalist system of the essence of ecological crisis, better upholding and developing marxism, determination of the socialist system, to solve the problem in the process of modernization in our country facing ecological environment problems and the ecological civilization construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics provides a certain reference significance.

Foster's critical theory of capitalism ecology holds that capitalism pursues the growth of economic wealth without limit and the expansion logic of capital accumulation is the root of the current ecological crisis. The capitalist mode of production and the capitalist concept of technology supremacy do not provide solutions to ecological problems, but accelerate the deterioration of ecological crisis. The capitalist system is anti-ecological in nature, and any means and means proposed in the existing capitalist system to solve or alleviate the ecological crisis are all capitalist services, whose purpose is still to pursue the maximization of interests through continuous economic expansion. He argued that to improve and restore the ecological environment, the capitalist system must be abandoned, pointing out that "a humane and sustainable system should be socialist, and it should be based on sound ecological principles." The settlement of ecological crisis needs to rely on the socialist system, which is an effective system to improve the natural environment and build ecological civilization.

With the rapid development of economy since the reform and opening up, our country whether in politics, science, technology and culture and other fields have achieved remarkable achievement, but with the development of the fast rhythm, also brought, such as desertification, forest area reducing, air pollution, water and mineral resources shortage, lack of energy, and species extinction serious environmental pollution and ecological destruction problem. Current our country ecological environment problem has become the urgent problems, facing the contradiction between economic development and ecological protection, put forward the eighteenth congress of socialism with Chinese characteristics "five one" the overall layout, with xi jinping, general secretary of the core of the CPC central committee attaches great importance to the new period of socialist construction of ecological civilization, but also further to put ecological civilization construction in the reform and development and the global position of the socialist modernization construction. By fully studying and exploring foster's capitalist ecological criticism theory, it can provide some enlightenment to solve the outstanding ecological and environmental problems in China's modernization development, promote the construction and development of China's socialist ecological civilization, and provide new ideas for solving global ecological problems.

To achieve the harmony between human and nature, restore good ecological environment, we must stick to the scientific theory of marxism as a guide on the basis of economic and social development, "in our country in the construction of ecological civilization must give full play to the superiority of the socialist system" foster ecological criticism theory of capitalism, for a firm of the socialist system in our country, promote the economic development of our country and protect the natural ecological environment, to achieve comprehensive and sustainable development has a positive enlightening significance.

We should vigorously develop the ecological circular economy and take the road of sustainable development. By strengthening the macro-control capacity of the government, we should give enterprises policy help and support, encourage their independent innovation, accelerate the adjustment of industrial structure, and transform the extensive economic development model. We will intensify scientific research and actively develop new technologies that can improve the ecological environment, so that science and technology can become useful tools and powerful means for building an ecological civilization. We should accelerate the research and spread of ecological science and technology, transform technological achievements into productive forces that can effectively protect the environment and restore ecology, reduce environmental pollution, build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society, and promote social progress and sustainable development. We will fully implement the new concept of development and, guided by the five principles of development, achieve sustainable economic, social and ecological development, ensure that man and nature live in harmony, and protect the natural ecological environment.

In the construction of ecological civilization, we should actively build a long-term mechanism conducive to ecological environmental protection and sustainable development, and constantly improve the legal system of ecological environment. Strengthen the regulation of ecological politics ways to strengthen the construction of ecological civilization of political system and legal system, with rigid institutional constraints not civilized ecological behavior, increase penalties for destroying ecological environment behavior, and strictly implement the system of environmental responsibility, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law, in particular, to punish illegal enterprise excessive discharge of waste, destruction of ecological environment. In the process of production and development, enterprises should take the initiative to assume the responsibility of environmental protection, consciously fulfill the obligation of ecological restoration, accelerate the transformation of productivity of innovation achievements, constantly improve the efficiency of resource utilization, strive to reduce the waste of resources, reduce the pollution of ecological environment, and achieve the unity of economic, social and ecological benefits.

We will strengthen publicity and education to raise the awareness of all citizens in environmental protection and make the concept of ecological civilization a common trend in society. Through various media platforms, spread to the whole society and popularize ecological knowledge, and the law to protect the ecological environment, ecological environmental protection knowledge, gradually increase the degree of citizens' awareness of ecological civilization, strengthening citizen's own ecological responsibility, to establish green consumption idea of civilization in the whole society, urged citizens to develop good ecological behavior. We should advocate the concept of respecting nature and protecting the environment within the scope of society, regard nature as the friend that human beings depend on, take the protection of the ecological environment as our boundlessness responsibility, consciously maintain the ecological balance, fight against all behaviors that destroy the ecology, and constantly promote the improvement and optimization of the ecological environment.

Capitalist countries through ecological imperialism, the country's ecological crisis on to the vast number of developing countries, the developing countries became capitalist countries source of raw materials base and ecological waste sludge storage pool, widening the economic gap between the rich and the poor, made the global ecological environment are increasingly serious, eventually led to the global ecological crisis is spreading. In Forster's view, the logical nature of capital accumulation will inevitably lead to the expansion from domestic resource plunder to global resource plunder. With the development of economic globalization, different countries have different positions in the international division of labor. According to the different economic development level, the world is divided into central and peripheral, the developed countries, in order to their own interests by means of resource plundering, accelerate the advantage of its central location to exploit a disadvantage of peripheral countries, also because of the unfair means of plunder, the increasingly serious environmental crisis, destroy the integrity of the global ecosystem. When capitalist countries realize the harm that economic development brings to their ecological environment, they turn their eyes to the third world countries with abundant resources and low prices, and transfer pollution to the developing countries through colonialism. Maximization of economic profits is the ultimate goal of constant expansion of capitalism, so constantly expanding its world market has become its main means. Capitalistic developed countries, by virtue of their advanced technologies and advantages in economic status at home, are looting the resources of developing countries crazily. Capitalism in the developed countries in order to realize the rapid accumulation of capital and expanding, reduce the production cost and domestic pollution cost cost, the high energy consumption and high pollution enterprises move to less developed countries, and take advantage of cheap labor and abundant local resources to further expand the scale of production, to obtain huge profits, but at the same time many production waste emissions to developing countries. So that the vast number of developing countries become their waste dump, bearing the most direct ecological damage. From the day of the emergence of capitalism, the ecological exploitation in the periphery has been generated correspondingly, because in the eyes of capitalists, the ecological resources of the peripheral countries are the production materials that can be turned into rich profits. Capitalistic countries take advantage of the tide of economic globalization to fill the metabolic gap in their own countries by constantly plundering the resources of other developing countries on the periphery. Poor countries lost is not only all kinds of raw material resources, more important is in its domestic caused irreparable metabolic fracture, the ecological environment problem is a global problem, capitalism discharge pollutants into the developing countries in the developed countries of the ecological imperialism behavior caused the global metabolism fracture, eventually any country on earth from the ecological crisis of bad luck.

Forster's capitalist ecological criticism theory deeply criticizes the developed countries' maliciously carrying out ecological colonialism to other developing countries, and plays a warning role to our country. With the development of economy, China has gradually become the world's "manufacturing power" and the first country to introduce foreign capital. The developed capitalist countries value the large number of labor resources and natural resources in China for transnational investment and production. At present, the reform and opening up going into deep water, the accession to the WTO on the world stage, China has basically achieved comprehensive open, it is undeniable that China's economic development cannot leave the foreign huge role, but we must be vigilant with various forms of ecological colonialism, safeguard the socialist ecological civilization construction in our country.

In the face of the massive influx of foreign capital, we must remain vigilant and maintain China's ecological security. Our government should actively adjust the foreign capital policy, introducing foreign capital should weigh the advantages and disadvantages, through the strict filtering of foreign capital and various aspects of control, to avoid a large number of foreign capital into China's ecological environment caused by the adverse consequences. First of all, we must see clearly the predatory nature of capitalism, prevent and stop the colonization and invasion of ecological imperialism in time, and maintain the safety of China's ecological environment. Environmental access rules should be improved, ecological barriers should be set up, and pollution should be monitored in real time, so as to avoid China becoming a waste dump for western developed capitalist countries. Secondly, at present, with the improvement of China's economic development level, the overall national strength is also significantly enhanced, so it is urgent to adjust and optimize the industrial structure and promote the transformation and upgrading of the economic development mode. Therefore, in the process of introducing foreign technologies, we should give priority to the technology type of environmental protection and energy conservation, which will help improve the ecological environment of our country.

When capitalist countries realize the harm that economic development brings to their ecological environment, they transfer pollution to developing countries through colonialism, resulting in global ecological crisis that exacerbates the gap between the rich and the poor and challenges of global ecological crisis governance. As capitalist countries accumulate more and more capital through ecological aggression, the corresponding ecological crisis becomes more and more serious and poses a great threat to the survival of the whole human race. In order to accumulate capital further, developed capitalist countries continue to plunder and exploit the peripheral underdeveloped countries on a large scale, which makes the whole natural resources become scarce, and also causes serious pollution to the ecological environment, thus damaging the integrity of the global ecosystem.

The global ecological environment is an inseparable organic whole. No country on earth is immune from the ecological crisis. China as the world's largest developing country, in the realization of their own development and at the same time concerned about the common development of other countries and is committed to the solution of the global ecological problems, and actively in the international conference on environmental dialogue and exchanges in the development of the developing countries interests, in the global ecological environment protection with more responsibility, show the image power and responsibility to bear. China advocates the building of a community of Shared future for mankind and actively promotes the solution of global ecological problems. Protecting the earth's ecological environment is the common responsibility of all countries in the world. Today, countries in the world, from the natural environment to economic and social development to national defense and diplomacy, often have a single impact on the whole. "the nature of the global environmental crisis has already affected the fate of the entire planet."

To solve global ecological problems, countries need to strengthen cooperation, build consensus, make efforts to tackle the global ecological crisis, and jointly create a clean and beautiful world.

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