Economic problems in the United States.

美国现如今存在的经济问题。“奥巴马鼓励更多的制造业高管将更多的就业机会带回美国，这表明了另一个经济问题“市场竞争”。为什么许多制造业企业管理人员在海外开他们的工厂和公司？我认为市场竞争是制造业高管首先考虑的。低成本的人力资源和廉价的基础设施使得更多的投资者愿意为了赚更多的钱而在海外开设工厂。众所周知，随着海外市场的发展，特别是在发展中国家，投资者们喜欢把目光瞄准海外。因为他们认为美国市场的需求是充分的，他们需要发展新的市场。”

Some economic issues from the News

From Obama’s 2015 State of the Union Address, it is easy to find the first economic issue “Export”. The address points out that the American businesses including the small businesses should export their products oversea in the 21th century. Obama announces that America should set new equal rules in the international trade apart from the free trade rules. In the view of economics, the opposition of “export” is “import”. In brief, “export” refers to that the businesses sell their products oversea and gain foreign exchange. While “import” refers to that the businesses get relevant material or products to support their producing from other countries. For a country, it is not a good matter that any of the two possess the absolute advantage. For instance, if “import” for a country possess the absolute advantage, it means the products made in this country has no competitive advantage in the international markets. And many business in this country will face the decrease in the productions and the relevant companies will go bankrupt. What is worse, the common people will lose their jobs and the society will fall into unstable situation. So it is a bad matter for the country if the country depends mainly on import. While, is it good if export the absolute advantage in the trade. Though it reflects that the products in the country have high competition, to some degree, the country can only sell the raw material without high technology. So it is also bad for the country development in the long term. We often hear of the balance of trade in the news. What is the balance of trade? In the view of economics, it refers to the difference between the value of exports and the value of imports. When the value of exports is smaller than the value of imports, the trade deficit will appear. While the value of exports is bigger than of imports, the trade surplus will appear. In most cases, the country will pay more attention to keep the balance of the two sides. Besides, many countries are willing to see that the trade surplus appear. Because it means the products in this country have more advantages and the economy in this country develops fast in the export. The data in the trade deficit of America shows that it decreases 390 billion dollars which is about 2.3 percent of GDP. So Obama encourages more businesses to sell their products oversea in his address. 

 It is easy to find that Obama encourages more manufacturing executives bring more jobs back into America which show another economic issue “market competition”. Why do many manufacturing executives open their factories and companies oversea? I think the market competition is the first considered by the manufacturing executives. The low-cost human resources and cheap infrastructures makes more investors willing to open the factories oversea in order to earn more. As is known to all, with the development of the oversea markets especially in the developing countries, the investors like to transport their eye sights oversea. Because they think the requirement from the American market is full and they need to develop new markets. Market is an invisible hand which determines the distribution of the industry and the productions. Though Obama points out that some manufacturing executives have considered to bring more jobs back into America, the scale of the movement back will be not large due to the consideration about the cost in America in my view. So the market determines the existence of the relevant industry. 

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