Reflection of Hegemony and Hegemonic Masculinity

本文主要讲述的反射的霸权和霸权的男子气概的essay范文。文章通过通过今年的研究,有深入了解的霸权和霸权男子气概。反射主要显示了这两个概念的重要性我个人,进一步理解霸权和霸权的男子气概。

ABSTRACT

Today is a multi-cultural society, and debates about race, gender and sexuality in the popular culture have been diversified. Some districts or countries even carried out movements to fight for freedom, equality and democracy, such as feminism movement, couter-hegemony and couter-racism. Under the uni-multipolarity social model, the superpower, centered as the USA, has been always advocating the hegemony, which gives rise to many critiques of many other countries. Some agree with the promotion of hegemony, holding the idea that it can strengthen peace and stability, while others fight against the hegemony,believing it would obstruct the development of human beings’ civilization. Also, with the evolution of the hegemony, the hegemonic masculinity comes into people’s eyes. Through this year’s study, I have deeper understanding of the hegemony and hegemonic masculinity, and I will try to explore these two concepts by the reflection of the study. The reflection mainly shows the importance of these two concepts to me personally and further my understanding of hegemony and hegemonic masculinity.
Key Words: Hegemony, Hegemonic Masculinity, Reflection, Importance

This year I have learned a lot about the race, gender and sexuality in the popular culture, and the most important I learned was that scholars argue that hegemony and hegemonic masculinity has shifted but not necessary to society. I felt these concepts to be the most important to me because I have never completely and deeply understood the ways in which I contributed to enabling the discourse of hegemony and hegemonic masculinity, though the words of hegemony and hegemonic masculinity are not strange to me at all since I was a child. I will first describe the main aspects of these two terms and further a discussion of the importance for me personally.
In the first week’s study, when I saw the articles of Hegemony written by James Lull and The Orientalization of Disney’s Cartoon Heroines From the Little Mermaid to The Hunchbak of Notre Dame by Celeste, I had large interest in them, as I have been familiar with the term of hegemony and interested in this topic since I was still in junior school. The former article mainly discusses the process of hegemony and introduces a concept of counter hegemony, pointing out that the ideological factors have more influence than the economic ones before. Celeste’s article shows the hegemony from another perspective by the analysis the orientalization of animated films and the representations the difference of gender and culture in this article. Both articles are classic and utilize special perspective of culture and tell that hegemony continues to play an important role in teaching people’s generation and their generation.
Through this year’s study, I have better understood about hegemony. Today, hegemony forms a new way to spread and influences people, other countries or other cultures more deeply and profoundly than before (Katz 51). Still as a heated debate among the world, hegemony was produced in the last century, when it was the economic factors that occupied a leading position to exercise its power and influence. Now, with the development of science and technology as well as the modernization, hegemony realizes the power of the ideology that will have a deeper and more profound or even fundamental influence among the people’s or other races’ hearts (Salleh 191). The means of mass media, one result of advanced scientific technology, have sped up the transmission of information, including the culture elements, and thus deliver hegemonic ideology. So if people do not carefully treat the hegemony, they will lose their own cultural features and true identity, and be assimilated by outer race in the end, then the world will only have one culture, one people, and one ideology, losing the colorful elements of the world.
As is known to us, hegemony has been never cancelled for a long time. Many developed countries, especially the USA, try to spread hegemony, wishing the so-called “one world, one people” (Blum 21). They have many kinds of ways to deliver hegemony, and many of them are hard to be found. For example, American’s famous cartoon Donald Duck has been popular since I was a child. The cartoon contains American features, such as the freedom, independence, capitalism, etc., which are almost the same as the actual ideas and ideologies in the real society, and thus publicize American culture and ideology effectively and profoundly. Also, the cartoon is still very popular among youngsters, which becomes, we can say, a symbol and sign to communicate with each other in the new era, and this is the result and power of the ideological hegemony today. Taking the cartoon as an example does not mean to declare to ban foreign cultural communications. Instead, the example does encourage strengthening the cultural communications to enrich colorful cultural life. But when communicating with foreign culture, we should pay attention to its weaknesses and disadvantages and prevent being assimilated, which is one of the reasons to realize the ideological hegemony.
At the same time, with the evulsion and development of hegemony, the term “hegemonic masculinity” comes into people’s eyes. The term not only includes the meaning of hegemony but also contains assertion of bright and powerful quality. Through this year’s study, I learned that hegemonic masculinity becomes more violent and pays more attention to the presentations of power under the multi-cultural society.
However, with the increasing tolerance of the society, I found that in the past few years the presentations of hegemonic masculinity have shifted, but not necessarily in a way which is good for society, which can be seen through the popular culture. Take “Tough Guise” learned this year as an example. Tough Guise indicates one point that the heterosexual men and women receive more acceptance and tolerance, though men in the media are still very violent and aggressive. Many television shows, movies and even clothing, nowadays, have represented to be more feminine, letting men have more chance to take down their “tough guise” and be who they want. Hegemonic masculinity is a result of the development of society and culture. Though hegemonic masculinity is different from hegemony, I believe I can know better the situation and trend of the society with the realization of the hegemonic masculinity.
All in all, I acquired and learned a lot from this year’s study. The hegemony and hegemonic masculinity, which give me the most impression in this year’s study, make me understand the development of culture and its features. Today is an multi-cultural era, and the ideology plays more and more important role in the development of society. Besides, the counter-hegemony and counter-hegemonic masculinity come into being following the development of hegemony and hegemonic masculinity, which can be said to symbolize the social progress as well.
Reference
Blum, Samntha. “Chinese Views of US Hegemony”. New York: The New American                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Library. 2003. Print.
Salleh, Ariel. “The ‘Green Economy’: Class Hegemony and Counter-Hegemony”. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, Inc. 2010. Print.
Katz, Hagai. “Hegemony and Global Civil Society Networks”. Washington: American Psychological Association. 2009. Print.
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