Britain's latest pension reform

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的assignment代写范文- Britain's latest pension reform，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了英国最新的养老制度改革。经过了长期的改革，如今英国已经形成了多支柱的养老金体系。2013年，英国公布了最新的养老金计划。这项新的计划将于2017年开始实施，这是对现有养老金制度的一次简化，替代了以前养老金复杂的形式。英国的养老金制度改革是应对当前经济形势和养老金情况的一次重大改变，改革后英国的养老保险制度会覆盖的更广，更加有保障性。

After a long period of reform, Britain has developed a multi-pillar pension system. In 2013 Britain unveiled its latest long-planned pension scheme. The new scheme, which will come into force in 2017, is a simplification of the existing system and replaces complex forms such as basic and secondary pensions.

Britain has always attached great importance to social welfare, and its expenditure also accounts for a large proportion of fiscal expenditure. The number of elderly people in Britain is growing, and the country will have to pay rising pension costs regardless of the pension system. This high welfare policy has led to a sharp rise in labor costs and a decline in competitiveness. Britain was the first European country to reform the basic pension system, emphasizing the role of individuals in the pension system. The 1986 reform was a good example of the sharing of state pension responsibility among individuals. On the one hand, it lowers the level of basic state pension. On the other hand, individuals are encouraged to save for retirement. The biggest innovation of the 1986 reform lies in the development of individual pension through various pension insurance companies. People can choose from a variety of insurance companies; at the same time, enjoy the preferential policies of the government. After the follow-up reform and improvement in the 1990s, the British pension system can provide appropriate plans for employees of different income levels, so that the whole pension system can be more widely covered, which solves the problem of national overburden and makes the UK become a country with a relatively low pension payment level in the world.

The trend of globalization in today's world is unstoppable, the fate of the labor force has become unpredictable, and the vulnerable groups are facing a great crisis. To change this situation, we need to reform the pension system. The defined-benefit pension system is the most significant pension reform in Britain in decades. Under the current rules, residents can get a basic pension of around 107 pounds per week after retirement, plus the amount of the second pension can reach 142 pounds. The new system, which combines the two, is expected to reach 155-162 a week in 2016, but not for everyone. You can't get the pension if you don't have at least 10 years of national insurance. The reform will adopt the principle of "the old system for the old and the new system for the new", and only those who retire after April 2017 will be able to receive it. Until then, retirees will stick to their original plan. The retirement age will also be raised to 66 by 2020. According to the statistics, from 2021 to 2025, 62% of retirees will receive a full defined benefit pension, and this number will increase with the increase of people's rights under the new system, and it is expected to reach 81% by 2035.

So who will benefit? Women, no doubt. Under Britain's current system, women receive smaller pensions, mostly because their children take career breaks. As a result, women are left with very little in the way of basic pensions after retirement, making life difficult. Under the new system, women will be able to enjoy the full maximum pension as long as they pay national insurance when they are not working. According to government figures, around 750,000 women will receive an extra 9 a week over the next 10 years. In addition, the self-employed will benefit a lot, because under the current system it is almost impossible for them to receive the maximum pension. From the perspective of these two groups that benefit the most, this reform will improve the old-age security level of the whole social group and promote social harmony and stability.

Britain's pension assets have recently been growing and a multi-pillar pension system has taken shape. But the new pension reform is designed to make up for the lack of first-tier pension protection. But the new system is not just good for the public. Compared with the previous policy of only paying one year's pension, it is risky for some people. Britain's previous pension system had little to do with people's careers, so early retirement was a serious problem and many people received high pensions as a result. The reforms will be unpopular, but they are needed.

Americans are having a harder time retiring these days than they are in the United States. Throughout the world, the United States is a relatively wealthy country with a high standard of living, but it is not easy to retire comfortably. Americans are known for spending way ahead of their time, so they have to save more money if they want to maintain a quality of life in retirement. The financial crisis in 2006 also left many American homes underwater, and many Americans are no longer able to make their monthly payments on their home loans. The battered U.S. economy has also exposed the weakness of Americans' small cash reserves. Fewer and fewer Americans are participating in the fixed payments, because no one can predict how much money they can save in the future, and they will face great risks if their investment fails. In the future, many older people will live longer and, as a result, will need a bigger pension when they retire. At the same time, the cost of health care and care is also rising, how to face the possible financial crisis is indeed a problem that the United States should think about.

The pension reform in the UK is a major change in response to the current economic situation and the pension situation. After the reform, the pension system in the UK will be more extensive and more secure. But the government needs to strengthen the management of the fund, if there is no supporting laws, policies, the interests of the majority of workers will not be maintained. The reform provides an example for China to continuously improve the endowment insurance system according to its own actual situation. In China, most people in many big cities are getting old before they get rich, which puts more pressure on the state and the government to pay for their old age. Although raising the retirement age helps ease the pressure on pension expenditure, it also increases the burden on individuals and families. Therefore, through the above analysis, China can realize the continuous growth of pension through the market-oriented way, and establish a scientific matching reform plan while delaying the retirement age. In view of the program may appear in some circumstances, timely preparation.

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