Chinese Migrants in the United States

1.Introduction 

There are about 1.6 million Chinese immigrants in the United States . In recent years, more and more people has been inclined to migrant to the United States. It is obvious that there are various advantages for their immigrant. For example, they can receive high education In the United States. A new research towards this phenomenon by the relative study has shown that China has over other Asian countries, and China has became the biggest source of people who study in the America and who want to immigrant to the America. A great many students choose to stay in the United States after their graduation. In addition, he with the development of the economy, many people select to migrant to the United State to earn the money.

At the same time, not all of the Chinese migrants could be high up in the pictures. Many of migrants may come back to the China in some reasons. And there are many difficulties in the process of the immigrant. They could live a hard life in the United States by the problems in the language, business, living habits and other things in the daily life. 

What’s more, A large number of people hold a negative opinion towards the Chinese migrants. (Kristofer Allerfeldt, 2003). The Chinese migrants may be under the Anti-Asian Immigration Pressures. The government may take some measures to prohibit the large Chinese immigrant. For example, except for traveling in the United State,merchants or priests and so on, to some extent, Chinese immigration was prohibited. For this reason, People can not easily take American nation. There are many difficulties in acquiring citizenship for minors.

The history for Chinese people immigrant is quilt so long. Today, the quantity of the Chinese migrants is so large, but people who stated to migration to the United States began after the News about the gold in California in 1849. People want to change their life in this way. (Pei-te Lien, 2004).

From the 1882 to the 1920, time goes by,  the population of the Chinese people who immigrant to the United States was steady because of American government’s immigration policy and relative measure. What’s more, China’s one child family policy made more people tend to go to the United states. 

I will begin this paper, by reviewing and summarize the different articles towards the same theme. At the beginning, I will give the briefly introduction of the current situation of the Chinese immigrant and the reasons for their acting. Then, I will list the advantages they may get from the United States. Next, I will analyze the typical characteristics of the Chinese migrant. There are both advantages and disadvantages in the process of the immigrant. So I will give the disadvantages of the Chinese immigrant to the United States and people’s altitude towards the Chinese immigrant. I believe people can get the useful information from this paper. (Pei-te Lien, 2004).

2.The reasons for Chinese Immigrant.

Chinese people who decided to immigrant to the United States may have many kinds of reasons. For example, some people pursue the high education for their children, but others want to get more money from the United Sates. The reasons for Chinese immigrant are as followings.

First, China is a country with large population and it is also an agricultural country. Population superiority that ever to be regarded as great has became the  great burden for the economic development In the China. There are many Chinese people can not get a proper position in the China. The labor market in the China is not so good as people predicted. So China’s current situation of high unemployment caused many Chinese people take adventure to go to the United States to hunt for the opportunity. So the pressure of Chinese labor market is an important reason for Chinese immigrant.(Kristofer Allerfeldt, 2003). For example, by the time of their policy has worked in 1882, Chinese made up high per cent of San Francisco’s certain  workers. (Kristofer Allerfeldt, 2003). This is a large quantity. 

Secondly, people immigrant to the United States to get the high education for their children. On the one hand, China’s one child family policy (BMJ, 1999). has changed the population structure. The single-child families become more and more. People have the ability and chance to send their children to the United States. On the other hand, students who choose to study abroad are likely to immigrant to the United States, because they are familiar with the country. So they will not come back to their own country. Study abroad is one of the four main reasons for Chinese emigrating.

Third, natural disaster will enhance the immigrant. The floods, the war, the earthquake and other disaster will bring the wave of Chinese immigration. The Earth was taken by extreme cold, strong quakes and large floods, all of these caused many wars and migrations.(Yelizavetta Kofman &Suzanne M. Bianchi. 2012).

Fourth, people want to do the business in America. With the development of the society and economy, people in the China have the ability to invest and do the business in the United States. America has more chance and new technology to do the business. For example, the Chinese food is famous in the world. Some Chinese people immigrant to the America to open a Chinese restaurant. They may get more money in this process. 

Fifth, people immigrant to the United States to pursue a high quality of the life. The air quality is better in the United States. Many people immigrant to the American just want to live out their life in retirement. 

The next is that the economic boom has stimulated migration. Only when people have the money, they may choose to immigrant to other countries. That is to say, immigrant needs much money, so the economic boom is a basic reason for the Chinese immigrant. (Pei-te Lien, 2004).

Sixth, Tourism to the countries under discussion was generally not high but growing. Once they get the pennant visa, they can stay in the United States. Some people have the relatives in the United States, they may immigrant to company their relatives and family members. 

3.The advantage of Chinese Immigrant

As for so many Chinese people immigrant to the United Sates, what they can get from the immigrant? There are three main advantages they may get from the immigrant. 

First, their English will improve quickly by the immigrant. We all know that practice makes perfect. In the China, people may not have many opportunities to speak in English. Once people immigrant to the United States, they must communicate with others in English. In this way, their oral English and English language sense will get grate progress. English learners can not ignore developing English language sense, which is the great help to improving English level. 

Secondly, people can learn the western culture from the immigrant. There are some great distinguish from Chinese culture and western culture. Only when people live in the United States for a long time, they may deeply learn the essence of the foreign culture. 

Third, people who immigrant to the United States can enjoy the America’s social welfare. For example, the health care system in the United States is so great, people can get the help from the government.   

4.The characteristics of the Chinese Migrants in the United States

People who immigrant to the United states have some typical characteristics.

One is that, the group of the Chinese migrants in coastal cities, such as Shanghai, Dongguan,Shenzhen and so on. Guangdong province is a main province in the Chinese migrants. They choose to go abroad to seek opportunities as farmer, skillful workers or to do some simple works. A number of coastal cities started to accept the west’s point of view in the early time. So people in there prefer to stay in the developed country, especially the United States. (Shyh-Jer Chen, 1998).

The age of the Chinese migrants has slowly changed. For example, the average age of the Chinese migrants in the United States is younger and younger because young people can be easier to accept the new things. It is difficult for old people to immigrant to the unacquainted place. They may meet the language barrier and the differences in lifestyle and habits. (Shyh-Jer Chen, 1998).

5.People’s altitude towards the Chinese immigrant 

Different people have the different altitude towards the same thing. It is obvious that Americans and Chinese people hold the different altitude towards the Chinese immigrant. 

In Americans’ opinion, the growing Chinese migrants makes them feel uncomfortable. Growing Asian immigration provoked a hostile response. Chinese migrants will share the social welfare with the native Americans. So the American government take some measure to limit the quantity of the Chinese migrants. Most Americans support the government’s action. (Lawrence, 2010). They want to protect their rights in this way. What’s more, because of historical reasons, many Chinese people who immigrant to the United States have a strong connection with their relatives in the Chinese mainland. It will appear more people enter in to the United States and immigrant to the America finally.  

As for as Chinese’s concerned, people who immigrant to the United States may have positive altitude towards the immigrant. On the one side, Chinese migrants are satisfied with their life in the United States. There are so many advantages in the process of the immigrant. 

On the other hand, as a country with large population, the Chinese government can not take care of everyone. It is difficult to set a health care system just like the American systems. So once people have the ability to immigrant, they may grasp the chance and go to the America. So it is pretty good for Chinese people to immigrant to the developed countries, especially the United States.(Kristofer Allerfeldt, 2003).

6.The difficulties of the immigrant for Chinese people 

There are also many difficulties of the immigrant for Chinese people. 

Firstly, Chinese people who want to immigrant to the United Sates must get a passport. But in recent time, it is harder and harder for Chinese people to get this passport. Similarly, it is also difficult to obtain the American citizenship in another country. Once they are caught with no passport, they may get the punishment. (Aaron Terrazas, 2010).

Secondly, Chinese Migrants in the United States make feel the sense of racial discrimination. There is evidence of racial discrimination against Chinese people in the United States. For example, some American factories refuse to accept the Chinese to work there.  

Third, Language barrier is another difficulty for Chinese Migrants in the United States. Some people immigrant to the United Sates, but they can not communicate with others. They can even not understand others’ meaning. It is not convenient for their life.  

Fourth, Culture and habits differences will bring great difficulty for Chinese Migrants in the United States.

Chinese Migrants in the United States, people who migrate at a younger age are more likely to accumulate and accept all the different experiences in the United States. On the contrary, It is difficult for middle-age people or old people to accept the new lifestyle in a strange country. (Zai Liang, 2004).

What’s more, there will be much cultural conflict between the China and the United States. The huge cultural differences between the China and the United States may bring great difficulty for the Chinese migrants in the United States. 

Fifth, Chinese migrants in the United States will be lonely at sometime. People may not immigrant to the United States with all of their family members, they may be very lonely in a strange country. For example, there are many less-skilled Chinese people immigrant to the United States, they may not find a proper work. Without the company of the family members, they may be upset and be in troubles. (Joyce Chen, 2011).

All in all, Chinese migrants in the United States may meet many difficulties beyond our prediction.

  

7.conclusion 

There is a long history for Chinese people immigrant to the United States. The reasons for the immigrant are various and changeable. Every people has own perspective towards the same things. High education, opportunity of the business and pursuing for the better life standard and so on, all of these factors appear people to go to the United States. We can not say this phenomena is good or bad. (Irena Omelaniuk, 2005).

Different people hold the different towards the Chinese people who immigrant to the United States. Chinese people who immigrant to the United States can get both the advantages and disadvantage from the immigrant. And the Americans’ altitude towards the Chinese people who immigrant to the United States is not so great. There are both pressure and happiness in the process of the immigrant. It is not so easy for Chinese people to immigrant to the United States. 

Chinese people immigrant to the United States is not a temporary phenomenon. Although there are many difficulties in the process of the immigrant. Experts say this  phenomenon will not disappear. 

We can see that there are both good and bad aspects of the immigrant. People who want to immigrant to the United States should consider pro and cons before making the decisions. 

Reference

Kristofer Allerfeldt, (2003). Race and restriction: Anti-Asian immigration pressures in the Pacific North-west of America during the progressive Era, 1885–1924. University of Exeter. 1-21.

Pei-te Lien, (2004). Behind the numbers: Talking politics with foreign-born Chinese Americans. International Migration Vol. 42 (2).

Shyh-Jer Chen, (1998). Characteristics and Assimilation of Chinese Immigrants in the US Labour Market. International Migration Vol. 36 (2).

Irena Omelaniuk, (2005). Best practices to manage migration: China. International Migration Vol. 43 (5).

Zai Liang&Hideki Morooka. (2004).Recent trends of emigration from China: 1982-2000. International Migration Vol. 42 (3). 

Lawrence B Runner &Tephen M. C OlarelliL. (2010). Immigration in the Twenty-First Century A Personnel Selection Approach. The Independent Review, v. 14 , 389–413.

BMJ.(1999). China’s one child family policy. British Medical Journal. 319(7215): 992–994. 

Yelizavetta Kofman &Suzanne M. Bianchi. (2012). Time use of youths by immigrant and native-born parents: ATUS results. Monthly Labor Review.

Joyce Chen. (2011). Chinese Immigration to the United States: History, Selectivity and Human Capital. The Ohio State University. 

Aaron Terrazas & Jeanne Batalova, (2010). Migration Information Source: Chinese Immigrants in the United States. Migration Policy Institute. 1-8.

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