Cyborgs in the Film RoboCop 1987

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的paper代写范文- Cyborgs in the Film RoboCop 1987，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了电影《机械战警》中的半机械人。在87版的《机械战警》中，墨菲是底特律的一名警察，但在他被一群残忍的街头犯罪团伙杀害后，科学家重塑了他的身体，将他的头脑和机械完美地合二为一，并被命名为“机械战警”。由此可见，本片中的半机械人是人的大脑与科技的结合。本片反映了对《电子羊的机器人梦》中所提供的半机械人的理解，原文本中的半机械人也是身体和人类记忆的结合，因为人类的记忆可以通过移情作用灌输给半机械人。

In the film RoboCop 1987, Alex Murphy, a terminally wounded cop in a crime-ridden and dystopic Detroit, comes back to the force as a powerful cyborg haunted by submerged memories. In the first beginning, Murphy is a policeman and he is 100% human. But after his being killed by a street gang of cruel criminals, he is brought back to life with both human and robotic characteristics through reconstructing his body with a steel shell and he is named RoboCop. So a fair knowledge can be obtained that cyborgs in this film are the combination of human’s mind and physical body. This film reflects the understanding of cyborgs offered in the primary text Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep in that the cyborgs in the primary texts are also the combination of physical body and human memories because human memories can be instilled to the cyborgs via the effect of empathy. And that is right why Phil Resch doubts whether his memories are instilled or not.

Apart from their being the combination of both human and robotic characteristics, another similarity between the cyborgs in this film and those in the primary text Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep is that they are both confronted with the outside dangers for them to live. The detailed case is that RoboCop is so powerful that he is able to fight against criminals, resulting in his becoming a target of supervillain in the end. While in the primary text Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep, the existence of various identities of those cyborgs can well indicate the danger for those cyborgs to be killed and the aforementioned identities mainly include the below ones: hunters, victims, androids, humans, etc. From this, we can easily know that the cyborgs may have a great possibility to be killed by the bounty hunters.

In addition, the cyborgs in the film and those in the primary text Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep are all the products in the turbulent environment. For one part, the background of the film is in Detroit as is crime-ridden and there is high incidence of crime, which involves in a large number of cruel criminals and supervillains. Also, it is the existence of a street gang of cruel criminals that can account for Murphy’s death and why he would be reconstructed to become RoboCop in the due time. For another, the primary text mentions the war several times and it is the outbreak of war that has led to the appearance of those androids at last.

With the similarities between cyborgs in the film RoboCop 1987 and those in the primary text Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep being stated at length in the above, what follows is the differences between cyborgs in the film RoboCop 1987 and those in the primary text Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep. The first difference is whether there is the intelligence difference between humans and androids. In the film, there is no intelligence different between humans and cyborgs in that the memories and intelligence of cyborgs are right those of humans. But what is different is that the primary text has compared the intelligence difference between humans and androids and it has stated that humans’ intelligence is far lower than that of the androids, the Nexus-6 types in the text. According to this, it can be readily detected that the film and the primary text have different views toward the intelligence of cyborgs.

Another difference is whether the memories of those cyborgs are inherent or instilled. Detailed speaking, the memories of cyborgs in the film are inherent because the memories of RoboCop are right the submerged memories of Murphy when he is a policeman. When Murphy’s body is well reconstructed, he is with memories at the same time and no more efforts have to be made. But the memories of those androids in the primary text are instilled via the effect of empathy and efforts have to be made in order to give those androids human memories. Concerning this, it is obvious that the film does make contributions to the cyborgs in the primary text in that it gives implications to cyborgs products on what they can do in order to directly give human memories to those cyborgs when restructuring them. In this way, those cyborgs can perform under the instructions of their human mind directly and there is no need for them to again instill memories to those cyborgs via the effect of empathy.

When comparing the film RoboCop 1987 to Gray piece Cyborg Citizen, it can be found that the making of the cyborgs in the film can well apply to Gray’s definition toward cyborg. From the perspective of Gray, cyborg is “a self-regulating organism that combines the natural and artificial together in one system”, which suggests that a cyborg is with both human and robotic characteristics. It can be understood in this way that here “natural” can be interpreted as the human characteristics in the film and “artificial” can be deemed as the robotic characteristics in the film. Though both the film and the Gray piece hold that the cyborg is the combination of human and robotic characteristics, their focus is different when shaping cyborgs. The film emphasizes more on how the human mind can help the physical body take the biggest effect so as to point out the importance of human mind toward the strength of cyborgs. But the Gray piece concentrates on how to develop a society that can protect the rights of cyborg and human alike, during which the politics of a technological society is the priority to deal with. Apart from the focus difference, the Gray piece has as well depicted cyborg as posthuman while such concept does not have appeared in the film at all. According to this, this film can make contributions to the Gray piece due to its illustrating the importance of human mentality for the cyborgs so that the Gray piece can explore more about how to make the value of human mentality to the full play. At the same time, the film can motivate the Gray piece to explore more about whether cyborg should be called as posthuman and whether cyborg is a progress or not when compared with humans.

And the film RoboCop 1987 has demonstrated the concepts offered by the Haraway piece A Cyborg: Science, Technology, and Socialist-Feminist in the Late Twentieth Century in that the film has demonstrated the second image of cyborg mentioned in the Haraway piece as “a hybrid of machine and organism”. To put it more specifically, a hybrid of machine and organism in the Haraway piece is equal to the cyborgs’ with both human and robotic characteristics in the film. But what is different is that the Haraway piece has another three images of cyborg and they are respectively as a “cybernetic organism”, as “a creature of lived social reality” and as a “creature of fiction”, which does not appear in the film at all. Another obvious difference is that the Haraway piece focuses more on the feminist when talking about cyborgs and she would like to constitute a socialist-feminist cyborg while such idea does not appear in the film even for a little. A socialist-feminist cyborg is a marginalized or liberatory subjectivity from dominant political imagination. It can be understood in this way that there is no difference between the male and female cyborgs in the film while the Haraway piece pays greater attention to the female cyborgs. The contributions that the film make to the Haraway piece is that it doubts whether it is necessary to point out the difference between the male and female cyborgs so that the Haraway piece has to explore deeper about the differences between the male and female cyborgs.

In the film RoboCop 1987, Alex Murphy, a terminally wounded cop in a crime-ridden and dystopic Detroit, comes back to the force as a powerful cyborg haunted by submerged memories. In the first beginning, Murphy is a policeman and he is 100% human. But after his being killed by a street gang of cruel criminals, he is brought back to life with both human and robotic characteristics through reconstructing his body with a steel shell and he is named RoboCop. So a fair knowledge can be obtained that cyborgs in this film are the combination of human’s mind and physical body. This film reflects the understanding of cyborgs offered in the primary text Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep in that the cyborgs in the primary texts are also the combination of physical body and human memories because human memories can be instilled to the cyborgs via the effect of empathy. And that is right why Phil Resch doubts whether his memories are instilled or not.

Apart from their being the combination of both human and robotic characteristics, another similarity between the cyborgs in this film and those in the primary text Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep is that they are both confronted with the outside dangers for them to live. The detailed case is that RoboCop is so powerful that he is able to fight against criminals, resulting in his becoming a target of supervillain in the end. While in the primary text Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep, the existence of various identities of those cyborgs can well indicate the danger for those cyborgs to be killed and the aforementioned identities mainly include the below ones: hunters, victims, androids, humans, etc. From this, we can easily know that the cyborgs may have a great possibility to be killed by the bounty hunters.

In addition, the cyborgs in the film and those in the primary text Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep are all the products in the turbulent environment. For one part, the background of the film is in Detroit as is crime-ridden and there is high incidence of crime, which involves in a large number of cruel criminals and supervillains. Also, it is the existence of a street gang of cruel criminals that can account for Murphy’s death and why he would be reconstructed to become RoboCop in the due time. For another, the primary text mentions the war several times and it is the outbreak of war that has led to the appearance of those androids at last.

With the similarities between cyborgs in the film RoboCop 1987 and those in the primary text Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep being stated at length in the above, what follows is the differences between cyborgs in the film RoboCop 1987 and those in the primary text Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep. The first difference is whether there is the intelligence difference between humans and androids. In the film, there is no intelligence different between humans and cyborgs in that the memories and intelligence of cyborgs are right those of humans. But what is different is that the primary text has compared the intelligence difference between humans and androids and it has stated that humans’ intelligence is far lower than that of the androids, the Nexus-6 types in the text. According to this, it can be readily detected that the film and the primary text have different views toward the intelligence of cyborgs.

Another difference is whether the memories of those cyborgs are inherent or instilled. Detailed speaking, the memories of cyborgs in the film are inherent because the memories of RoboCop are right the submerged memories of Murphy when he is a policeman. When Murphy’s body is well reconstructed, he is with memories at the same time and no more efforts have to be made. But the memories of those androids in the primary text are instilled via the effect of empathy and efforts have to be made in order to give those androids human memories. Concerning this, it is obvious that the film does make contributions to the cyborgs in the primary text in that it gives implications to cyborgs products on what they can do in order to directly give human memories to those cyborgs when restructuring them. In this way, those cyborgs can perform under the instructions of their human mind directly and there is no need for them to again instill memories to those cyborgs via the effect of empathy.

When comparing the film RoboCop 1987 to Gray piece Cyborg Citizen, it can be found that the making of the cyborgs in the film can well apply to Gray’s definition toward cyborg. From the perspective of Gray, cyborg is “a self-regulating organism that combines the natural and artificial together in one system”, which suggests that a cyborg is with both human and robotic characteristics. It can be understood in this way that here “natural” can be interpreted as the human characteristics in the film and “artificial” can be deemed as the robotic characteristics in the film. Though both the film and the Gray piece hold that the cyborg is the combination of human and robotic characteristics, their focus is different when shaping cyborgs. The film emphasizes more on how the human mind can help the physical body take the biggest effect so as to point out the importance of human mind toward the strength of cyborgs. But the Gray piece concentrates on how to develop a society that can protect the rights of cyborg and human alike, during which the politics of a technological society is the priority to deal with. Apart from the focus difference, the Gray piece has as well depicted cyborg as posthuman while such concept does not have appeared in the film at all. According to this, this film can make contributions to the Gray piece due to its illustrating the importance of human mentality for the cyborgs so that the Gray piece can explore more about how to make the value of human mentality to the full play. At the same time, the film can motivate the Gray piece to explore more about whether cyborg should be called as posthuman and whether cyborg is a progress or not when compared with humans.

And the film RoboCop 1987 has demonstrated the concepts offered by the Haraway piece A Cyborg: Science, Technology, and Socialist-Feminist in the Late Twentieth Century in that the film has demonstrated the second image of cyborg mentioned in the Haraway piece as “a hybrid of machine and organism”. To put it more specifically, a hybrid of machine and organism in the Haraway piece is equal to the cyborgs’ with both human and robotic characteristics in the film. But what is different is that the Haraway piece has another three images of cyborg and they are respectively as a “cybernetic organism”, as “a creature of lived social reality” and as a “creature of fiction”, which does not appear in the film at all. Another obvious difference is that the Haraway piece focuses more on the feminist when talking about cyborgs and she would like to constitute a socialist-feminist cyborg while such idea does not appear in the film even for a little. A socialist-feminist cyborg is a marginalized or liberatory subjectivity from dominant political imagination. It can be understood in this way that there is no difference between the male and female cyborgs in the film while the Haraway piece pays greater attention to the female cyborgs. The contributions that the film make to the Haraway piece is that it doubts whether it is necessary to point out the difference between the male and female cyborgs so that the Haraway piece has to explore deeper about the differences between the male and female cyborgs.

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