The core technology of blockchain

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的assignment代写范文- The core technology of blockchain，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了区块链的核心技术。区块链技术，不存在于任何中心机构和中心服务器，所有交易发生在每个人电脑或者手机上安装的客户端应用程序中。区块链采取单向哈希算法，每个新产生的区块严格按照时间线形顺序推进，时间的不可逆性、不可撤销导致任何试图入侵篡改区块链内数据信息的行为易被追溯，导致被其他节点的排斥，造假成本极高，从而可以限制相关不法行为。

Blockchain technology, there won't be any central institutions or central servers, all the transactions will take place in the client application installed on everyone's computer or mobile phone. The blockchain can be understood as a technical solution of public accounting. The system is completely open and transparent. The ledger is open to everyone and data sharing can be realized. Block chain take ChanXiangHa algorithm, each new blocks in strict accordance with the order linear time advance, the irreversibility of time, irrevocable lead to invasion of any attempt to tamper with the blocks in the chain of data information behavior is easy to be traced, the rejection caused by other node, fraud cost is extremely high, which can restrict the relevant illegal ACTS.

Simply put, it is the digital and networked version of the traditional contract. They are not only computer programs that run on the blockchain, but also perform themselves when conditions are written into the source code. Once written, the smart contract will be trusted by the user and the terms of the contract will not be changed, so the contract cannot be changed and cannot be modified by anyone.

The so-called "consensus mechanism" is a set of methodology to enable participants to form a common understanding. For example, in offline life, the United States chooses the President by voting. The whole voting process and methodology collection is a kind of consensus mechanism, which enables the whole American people to reach a consensus on who should be the President. The consensus mechanism is called the consensus algorithm.

There are many consensus mechanisms of blockchain, but no consensus mechanism is perfect, which means that no consensus mechanism is suitable for all application scenarios. Each consensus mechanism has its advantages and disadvantages, and some consensus mechanisms are also designed to solve some specific problems. The following is the description of several main consensus mechanisms.

Bitcoin wallet contains a private key and a public key. In simple terms, the private key is like our own bank account password. Only through this password can we open our account to transfer money. The single conversion of private and public keys ensures the privacy and security of the transfer source. What is single convertibility? That is, only private keys can be turned into public keys, and public keys cannot be turned into private keys. A private key is a string of randomly selected Numbers that are transformed by an elliptic curve operation into another string of Numbers, known as a public key. Then, a one-way hash cipher equation is used to obtain the bitcoin address. In these two operations, since they are not corresponding equations, that is, the input value will only have one corresponding output value, but the output value will have multiple corresponding input values, so no one can trace the private key in the opposite direction through the public key, ensuring the security of the private key.

A distributed ledger is a database that is Shared, replicated, and synchronized among network members. Distributed ledgers record transactions between network participants, such as the exchange of assets or data.

One implementation of distributed ledger technology is the open source Hyperledger Fabric blockchain.

Blockchain will have a huge impact on the future big economy and society, which is expected to reshape the form of human Internet activities. The recent development trend of blockchain mainly includes the following aspects.

In view of the security of public chain and the balance between the increasing transaction volume and the capacity of the existing network, the application fields of block chain in the future will be mainly alliance chain, private chain or mixed chain. The bitcoin model increases the maintenance cost of the blockchain network, which is not fully applicable for low-value and low-risk transactions. In view of the improvement of efficiency and security, the future will be made up of alliance chain, private chain, or a combination of alliance chain and private chain.

Multicenter. Blockchain can build a trusted center system, which can improve the decentralized and independent single center into a unified multi-participating multi-center, improve trust, transfer efficiency and reduce transaction costs. In other words, under the environment of information asymmetry and uncertainty, the "trust" ecological system can be established to meet the needs of the occurrence and development of various activities.

The application of blockchain will start from the areas that require mutual trust between trading parties, but it is not easy to establish trust relationship, such as finance, securities, insurance and other fields. With the popularization of application and the improvement of social awareness, blockchain will gradually penetrate into all fields of society. For example, blockchain has been preliminarily applied in political elections, corporate shareholder voting, gambling, prediction market and other fields.

In the future, any contractual agreement will be intelligent, which can guarantee the reliable execution of all agreements and avoid tampering, denial and breach of contract. In addition to transforming tangible assets in the society into digital intelligent assets for rights confirmation, authorization and real-time monitoring, blockchain can also be applied to intangible assets management in the society, such as intellectual property protection, domain name management, integral management and other fields.

Blockchain first addresses the cost of trust, which allows transaction costs to be substantially reduced. Secondly, blockchain solves the value transmission of the Internet through cryptography theory, but it is not the traditional information replication. Blockchain is a tool. However, unlike what most people describe, it is not only a tool for creating anarchy or absolute freedom and equality, but also a tool that can be decentralized. It is not that the use of blockchain will lead to absolute decentralization, but that in the current society where almost any service or application must be provided in a centralized way, an alternative to a centralized way can be provided to some extent.

Research consulting firm MarketsandMarkets predicted in special research report 1 that the compound annual growth value of global blockchain market application and solution suppliers will reach the highest between 2016 and 2021. This type of supplier's business includes payments, documentation, transactions and other solutions to improve the efficiency of business operations.

From the perspective of regional market, the market share of block chain in North America was the highest in 2016. Between 2016 and 2021, the compound annual growth rate of the asia-pacific region will be maximized, with Australia and China prioritized to benefit from the many potential of blockchain technology.

In the future, the development speed of entertainment and media industry led by block chain technology will continue to accelerate, followed by applications in medical care, Internet of things, supply chain and other industries. Its unique characteristics make its application scope more and more extensive.

Blockchain is an untamable ledger achieved in a decentralized network based on formula algorithms. The difference between blockchain and distributed ledger technology is that a chain is formed by encrypting digital signatures and connecting records together with "ledgers". At the same time, based on the specific application of blockchain, the public and users have the opportunity to express their views on its structure, operation and other aspects, and even exert influence.

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