The conflicts between the father Romeo and Juliet and daughters in and The Merchant of Venice

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的assignment代写范文- The conflicts between the father Romeo and Juliet and daughters in and The Merchant of Venice，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了《威尼斯商人》和《罗密欧与朱丽叶》中的父女关系。在《威尼斯商人》和《罗密欧与朱丽叶》中，父爱都是父女关系的中心话题。冲突的发生主要是由于对婚姻的威胁。婚姻只是一个直接的标志，反映了女性在心理和财务上独立自主的个体权利的实现。对于莎士比亚来说，他强烈支持女性的意识，因为他把朱丽叶描述成一个完美的形象，让她为爱而死，使她成为神圣的形象。

The relationship In Shakespeare’s novels are the main theme. Many critics believe that the focus of the relationship is about love. However, in Shakespeare’s novels, the family relationship is also the focus. This study will discuss the relation between father and daughter and the influences of the relationship between father and daughter on the marriage in the novel of Romeo and Juliet and The Merchant of Venice. The conflicts of the father and daughter will be analyzed in the aspect of conflicts cause and conflicts manner. Then the analysis of ideology in the two novels will also be analyzed. There are a lot of descriptions about conflicts about father and daughter. Marriage in Shakespeare is always influenced by fatherhood. Marriage is the always the focus of the conflicts between father and daughter.

Father and Daughter relationship

Father and daughter relationship is different from that of father and son. Father has the power to orient the direction of daughter. Daughter is treated as the personal property of the father who manipulates daughter’s life. In the beginning of the story, the conflicts of the father and daughter is that the father. In the story of the Merchant of Venice, the farther and daughter’s relationship begins with scene that Jessica is refrained by her father, Shylock who controls her life. His order prevails everything in daughter’s life and his daughter is deprived of the right to say no to the father. The words that Shylock said to his daughter is always the directive order, such as “Shut doors after you; / Fast bind, fast find” (pp. 53-54). The relation between Jessica and Shylock reveals that in the beginning of the birth of the daughter, the father will implant the ideology of fatherhood into the daughter who lives in a world that male is much superior to the female.

The other case of father and daughter relationship in Venice Merchant is that between the Portia and her father who is already dead. Though her father is dead, Portia has to follow the father’s words about the marriage. “If I live to be as old as Sibylla, I will die as chaste as Diana unless I be obtained by the manner of father’s will” (I. ii, 116-118). This is how Hart describes what Portia does to follow the instruction to her marriage, even though Portia’s father has died. Portia, choosing to follow father’s order, finally finds her true love.

In Romeo and Juliet, the relation between the father and daughter is similar. The father of Juliet treats his daughter as the personal possession and wants to influences her choice in the marriage (Boose, 1982). Juliet is restricted by his father from the choice of her life partner. The fatherhood is manifested in Juliet father word about the “obedient”, to obey the father and to serve the future husband. The father forced his daughter to obey his word, to sacrifice her marriage to meet the need to family revenge (Ford, 1998).

Similarity

The fatherhood in Venice Merchant and Romeo and Juliet is similar. The fatherhood is strengthened. Daughter should obey the father’s word and daughter is the possession of the father. Fathers in both novels, regards themselves as the god of the daughter and wants to control daughter’s life, including the marriages. Fathers with the strong willing to in charge of daughters’ life are extremely unwilling to let the daughters free. With such settings, the stories are developed by the conflicts between the father and the daughter. The daughter gradually realizes the restriction of father and wants to be liberated from the refrainment of the father. Such relations between the father and daughter forms family relation in the story with the mother roles missing.

What is more, as the god of the daughter, father is always the center of the family. What daughters should do is to follow and obey fathers. Shakespeare gives fathers such mission that father select a husband for the daughter, against daughter’s willingness to defy and create various obstacles in the daughter’s marriage.

Differences

Even the roles of father in both stories are similar in two stories, the daughters in two stories are different. Thus the relations between the father and the daughter are different in two stories. In Merchant of Venice, the daughter, Portia strictly obeys his father’s will, even though the father has died. The story tells the readers that if the daughter follows father’s willing just like Jessica and Thesues to choose the husband. Daughter who strictly obey the father whose decision even may threaten the happiness will gain the happiness. In this book, the contrast between two daughters’ reaction to fathers’ limitation reveals that obedient daughters has the final rights to the happiness. The center role of father is strengthened in the play Merchant of Venice.

What is different is that in Romeo and Juliet, the image of daughter is quite different. Juliet is craved as the characters as the disobedient daughter. Strindberg (1985) thinks that the source of comedy and tragedy is from the mis-judgement about child and misuse of daughter’s trust to the father. However, in Romeo and Juliet, the opposition to Juliet’s choice to Romeo has almost little influences on Juliet’s choice towards the marriage. The Juliet dares to rebel against her father’s decision to marry his selected person, even though her father blame her “disobedient wretch/I tell thee what- get thee to church a Thursday/ or never after look me in the face”. Juliet dares to choose her husband has a secret wedding with Romeo without her father’s presence.

Marriage

In both novels, marriage is the direct manifestations to reflect the conflicts between the father and daughter. For the father, the most direct control of daughter’s life is to manipulate daughter’s marriage and to choose a husband which meet his demands.

The merchant of Venice, Portia married Bassanio. The marriage is an obedience from her father. This marriage just like a war where Portia who follows her father win the marriage war. In this part, the father’s guidance is the key to the Portia’s choice to marriage. This reveals that father’s authority matters in child’s marriage (Hoy, 1978).

The other one, Jessica, is different from Portia. Jessica is treated as a belonging to the father while Shylock has a freaky control towards the daughter. In the end, Jessica rebels against her father and elope with Lorenzo. As Hart describes that, Jessica’s break with Shylock threatens his authority.

He [Shylock] is so isolated from Jessica, so little aware of her as a person that we tend to feel that he deserves the heartache her elopement brings to him. Yet the lack of concern arises simply from his complete conviction that she is the girl he thinks her to be. When he speaks his foreboding to her, when he orders her to “Lock up my doors… Let not the sound of shallow foppery enter my sober house: (II, v, 29, 35-36), he is expressing an attitude towards Venetians which he expects her to share. Whatever we read into their relationship, whether Shylock is to be considered villain or persecuted alien, the failure of understanding and feeling between father and daughter, except at some incommunicable and unrealized level, stands out. (Hart, 1972, pp. 51-62).

Once the mutual interpretation and understanding between father and daughter does not work, the break and conflict will arise. In this case, the relation between father and daughter is actually eroded by father’s disregard to the daughter (Leggatt, 1983).

In Romeo and Juliet, the rebellion towards father from the daughter is more obvious. Juliet does not take her father’s order into the consideration of her marriage. She gets married with Romeo in secret and takes vow with Romeo.

Similarity

The marriages in both novel are influenced by the father. Daughters have to obey her fathers’ instruction willingly or unwillingly. The marriage is treated as the most sign to show fathers’ authority in daughters’ life and the family. The conflicts between the daughter and the father climbs to the peak. In both novels, the daughters has fought with father, like Jessica and Juliet and the result of this rebellion leads to break of relationship between father and daughter.

Difference

The marriage in both novels are different. The break between the father and the daughter in Merchant Venice is that Jessica elopes with Lorenzo, which is unacceptable in that time. Juliet in contrast, gets married with Romeo in secret.

In Merchant Venice, Jessica believes that marriage is the sign to break with her father, who will not be controlled by her father any more. For Juliet, marriage is the result of love. Juliet puts love at first place, more important than the father’s authority.

Ideology

In both novels, fatherhood is the central topic in relationship between father and daughter. The conflict arises mostly due to the threats to the marriage. Father as the center of the family and the daughter is the authority in the family. Rebellion towards the father actually is a rising awareness of the female. Marriage is just a direct sign to reflect the realization of female’s right to be an individual who is independent in psychology and finance.

For Shakespeare, he strongly supports the awareness of the females since he describes Juliet as a perfect figure, making her as divine figure by letting her die for love. The feminist awareness for female figures is the main reflection in the conflicts between the father and daughter.

Reference

Boose, L. E. (1982). The father and the bride in Shakespeare. PMLA, 97(3), 325-347.

Ford, J. M. (1998). The Triangle in William Shakespeare. Patriarchy and incest from Shakespeare to Joyce (pp. 36-53). Gainesville: University Press of Florida.

Hart, J. A. (1972). Father-Daughter as device in Shakespeare’s romantic comedies. Carnegie Series in English, (12), 51-62.

Hoy, C. (1978). Fathers and daughters in Shakespeare’s romances. Shakespeare’s Romances Reconsidered (pp. 77-90).

C. M. Kayand H. E. Jacobs (Eds.). Lincoln: The University of Nebraska Press.

Leggatt, A. (1983). Shakespeare’s comedy of love. Bristol: J.W. Arrowsmith Ltd.

Lewis, A. J. (1). The spirit of my father. The Love Story in Shakespearean Comedy (pp. 11-30). Lexington, Ky.: The University Press of Kentucky.

The Love Story in Shakespearean Comedy (pp. 31-47). Lexington, Ky.: The University Press of Kentucky.

Shakespeare, W. (1992). The Tempest. F. Kermode. (Ed.). London and New York: Clay Ltd.

Shakespeare, W. (1994a). A midsummer night’s dream. London: Penguin Books.

Shakespeare, W. (1994b) The merchant of Venice. London: Penguin Books.

Strindberg, A. (1985). Miss Julie. Masters of modern drama (E. Sprigge, Trans.). Block and Shedo, (Eds). New York: Random House.

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