Future business model transformation

本文从4个方面讲述了未来商业模式的转换，支付方式的多元化以及优缺点的分析。“未来支付产品和服务的类型：高质量、低成本、高效率”。

1. Reference architectures and road maps
The common application architecture 
Strategies that facilitated each business objectives

2.  It is necessary to standardize so much of the architecture. Firstly, changing business environment brings a lot of challenge, standardization help American Express fit dynamic environment; secondly, standardization help to meet costumers’ need; thirdly, it reduce time-to-market if payment products and service
  Advantage:    a. help market positioning   
b. control operating risk   
c. improve consistency of products and service
d. improve work efficiency
     Disadvantage:  a. reduce the flexibility

3.  Firstly, the EA team create reference architecture and road maps , then, facilitated each business’s objectives. The commitments IT and the businesses made each road map of initiatives happen, and initiatives include a set of actions. Then American Express extend the road maps and develop new reference architecture and a new taxonomy. That create chances for new payment products and services. 

4.  (1)Types of future payment products and services: high quality, low cost, high efficiency
(2)The payments might work well. It is supported by the strong information system, which can make sure services quick and accurate. 
(3) a. They are supposed to set up a professional group to control online services. This group needs to measure the IT data base, and allocate workload, in order to make service effective. 
   b. They are also supposed to improve quality of products and services. Business executives should inspect weather employees have enough responsibility to make costumers satisfy. 

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